Course Author: Bob Malyk

Course: SBI4U: Biology, Grade 12, University Preparation

Text: Biology 12 Leesa Blake. et al. McGraw-Hill Ryerson. 2002.

Energy and Enzymes

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Unit Title: Metabolic Processes

Subunit Title: Enzymes and Energy

Specific Objectives Addressed

1. Explain the role of catabolic and anabolic pathways in the energy exchanges of cellular metabolism.
2. Distinguish between kinetic and potential energy.
3. Distinguish between open and closed systems.
4. Explain , their own words, the First and Second Laws of Thermodynamics.
5. Explain why highly ordered living organisms do not violate the Second Law of Thermodynamics.
6. Distinguish between entropy and enthalpy.
7. Write the Gibb's equation for free energy change.
8. Explain how changes in enthalpy, entropy and temperature influence the maximum amount of usable energy that can be harvested from a reaction.
9. Explain the usefulness of free energy.
10. List two major factors capable of driving spontaneous reactions.
11. Distinguish between exergonic and endergonic reactions.
12. Describe the relationship between equilibrium and free energy change for a reaction.
13. Describe the function of ATP in the cell.
14. List the three components of ATP and identify the major class of molecules to which it belongs.
15. Explain how ATP performs cellular work.
16. Explain why chemical disequilibrium is essential for life.
17. Describe the energy profile of a chemical reaction including activation energy (EA), free energy change (DG) and transition state.
18. Describe the function of enzymes in biological systems.
19. Explain the relationship between enzyme structure and enzyme specificity.
20. Explain the induced fit model of enzyme function and describe the catalytic cycle of an enzyme.
21. Describe several mechanisms by which enzymes lower activation energy.
22. Explain how substrate concentration affects the rate of an enzyme-controlled reaction.
23. Explain how enzyme activity can be regulated or controlled by environmental conditions, cofactors, enzyme inhibitors and allosteric regulation.
24. Distinguish between allosteric activation and cooperativity.
25. Explain how metabolic pathways are regulated.

Instructional Methods

1. lecture
2. class discussion
3. laboratory inquiry
4. electronic tutorials
5. online assignments and quizzes 

Assessments

1. lab report writing
2. worksheets
3. online quizzes
4. oral defenses
5. summative testing 

Class Notes

Introduction to Metabolism

• energy

• enzymes part 1

• enzymes part 2  

• computer work on enzymes  

• ATP coupled Reactions  

• Investigation: Enzymes & Factors Affecting their Rate  

• Summative Test 

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